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Figure 1 | BMC Molecular Biology

Figure 1

From: An aryl hydrocarbon receptor induces VEGF expression through ATF4 under glucose deprivation in HepG2

Figure 1

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) regulates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in glucose- deprived conditions. A and D: mRNA expression of VEGF. A shows VEGF expression in glucose-deprived conditions, and D shows VEGF expression after AhR knockdown. The VEGF mRNA levels were normalized by the β-actin mRNA level at each point (VEGF/β-actin). The values of VEGF/β-actin were calculated relative to the expression level at 0 h (the time of medium exchange), which was set equal to 1. Bars indicate the standard deviation of independent triplicate measurements. B and E: Western blot analyses using an antibody against VEGF. + and – indicate the presence and absence, respectively, of glucose, control RNA, and AhR siRNA. C and F: Measurement of VEGF protein secretion to the media. “12 h” and “24 h” in A, B and C indicate the time following transfer to high or no glucose medium. The RNA, protein and media samples in D, E and F were derived from the HepG2 cells at 24 h after the medium exchange. * indicates that there is a significant difference (*: P < 0.05, **: P < 0.005).

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